Abnormal Pap Smears

Understanding Your Pap & HPV Results

For patients over 30, a Pap test is typically performed alongside an HPV screening.

• If your Pap result is normal but your HPV test is positive, both tests will usually be repeated in one year.

• If your Pap smear is abnormal, your provider may recommend a follow-up procedure to take a closer look at your cervical cells.

What to Expect After an Abnormal Pap Smear

Colposcopy
A colposcopy is a 15-minute procedure that allows your doctor to closely examine your cervix using a special microscope.

• A vinegar solution is applied to highlight abnormal cells.

• One or more biopsies may be taken, along with a sample from the cervical canal.

• You may feel brief cramping; taking 600mg of ibuprofen beforehand can ease discomfort.

• Normal activity can be resumed right after the procedure.

• Mild bleeding or dark discharge may occur for a few days.

• Avoid intercourse and tampons for 72 hours if a biopsy was performed.

• Call your provider if you experience heavy bleeding (soaking through a maxi pad).

Understanding Biopsy Results

Biopsy results typically take 4–5 business days. They will be graded as:

• Mild: Often resolves without treatment. Monitoring with more frequent Pap smears is usually recommended.

• Moderate to Severe: These cell changes should be removed to prevent progression.

Treatment: The LEEP Procedure

LEEP (Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure) is used to remove abnormal cervical tissue:

• Performed in-office, lasting 15–20 minutes

• A local numbing injection is given

• A thin wire loop removes a shallow layer of the cervix using a safe electrical current

What to Expect After LEEP:

• Mild cramping and pink or brownish discharge for up to two weeks

• Use ibuprofen for discomfort

• Avoid tampons and intercourse for two weeks

• Contact your provider if you experience heavy bleeding

Follow-Up and Long-Term Monitoring

A post-operative visit is scheduled about two weeks after your LEEP. At this visit, your doctor will:

• Examine your cervix

• Review your pathology report

• Discuss next steps for monitoring

Close follow-up is essential. Most patients return to annual screenings after several consecutive normal Pap smears, but more frequent monitoring may be recommended initially.